They maintained and sailed the ships and were the standing officers of the navy. Later these officers were warranted by the British Admiralty. In that year, when five English ports began furnishing warships to King Edward the Confessor in exchange for certain privileges, they also furnished crews whose officers were the master, boatswain, carpenter, and cook. The rank of boatswain is the oldest rank in the Royal Navy, and its origins can be traced back to the year 1040. While the phonetic spelling bosun is reported as having been observed since 1868, this latter spelling was used in Shakespeare's The Tempest written in 1611, and as bos'n in later editions. Directly translated to modern Norwegian it would be båtsvenn, while the actual crew title in Norwegian is båtsmann (" boats-man"). It is derived from late Old English batswegen, from bat ( boat) concatenated with Old Norse sveinn ( swain), meaning a young man, apprentice, a follower, retainer or servant. The word boatswain has been in the English language since approximately 1450. Additional duties vary depending upon ship, crew, and circumstances. The boatswain supervises the other members of the ship's deck department, and typically is not a watchstander, except on vessels with small crews. The boatswain aboard a US merchant ship stands cargo watch as freight is lowered into an open hatch, c.1981Ī boatswain ( / ˈ b oʊ s ən/ BOH-sən, formerly and dialectally also / ˈ b oʊ t s w eɪ n/ BOHT-swayn), bo's'n, bos'n, or bosun, also known as a deck boss, or a qualified member of the deck department, is the most senior rate of the deck department and is responsible for the components of a ship's hull.
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